[{"id":"bowline","t":"Tie a bowline","c":"knots","cn":"Knots","ce":"🪢","h":"A fixed loop that won't slip or jam, and still unties easily after holding a heavy load.","st":["Make a small loop in the rope, with the part leading to the free end lying <strong>on top</strong>.","Pass the free end up through that small loop from underneath.","Take the free end around behind the long (standing) part of the rope.","Bring it back down through the small loop the way it came.","Hold the free end against the big loop and pull the standing part to tighten."],"tr":"Tie one around a chair leg with a shoelace or charger cable, then untie it.","tip":"The old memory aid: the rabbit comes up the hole, around the tree, and back down the hole.","sec":45},{"id":"box-breathing","t":"Calm down with box breathing","c":"body","cn":"Body & mind","ce":"🧘","h":"Four counts in, hold, out, hold. A slow, even rhythm you can do anywhere, unnoticed.","st":["Breathe in through your nose for a count of <strong>4</strong>.","Hold for <strong>4</strong>.","Breathe out slowly for <strong>4</strong>.","Hold for <strong>4</strong>, then repeat for about four rounds."],"tr":"Do four rounds right now, before the next card.","tip":"If holding feels uncomfortable, shorten the counts to 3. The steady rhythm matters more than the number.","sec":60},{"id":"cd-dash","t":"Jump back with cd -","c":"terminal","cn":"Terminal & git","ce":"💻","h":"Toggle between your last two directories, like Alt+Tab for folders.","st":["You're in one directory and <code>cd</code> somewhere else.","Run <code>cd -</code> to go straight back to where you were.","Run <code>cd -</code> again to return. It swaps between the two each time."],"tr":"Run <code>cd /tmp</code>, then <code>cd -</code>, then <code>cd -</code> again, and watch the path it prints.","tip":"<code>git checkout -</code> and <code>git switch -</code> do the same thing for branches.","sec":15},{"id":"claw-grip","t":"Hold food with the claw grip","c":"kitchen","cn":"Kitchen","ce":"🍳","h":"The one knife habit that keeps your fingertips out of the way of the blade.","st":["Curl the fingertips of your guiding hand under, like a loose claw.","Tuck your thumb behind your fingers.","Rest the flat of the blade against your knuckles. Your knuckles guide the knife; your fingertips stay behind them.","Slide your claw back a little after each cut to set the thickness of the next slice."],"tr":"Make the claw on the table in front of you and \"slice\" past your knuckles with a butter knife or a pen.","tip":"","sec":30},{"id":"clove-hitch","t":"Tie a clove hitch","c":"knots","cn":"Knots","ce":"🪢","h":"The fastest way to tie a rope to a post or rail, and it's easy to adjust.","st":["Wrap the end of the rope once around the post.","Cross it over the rope you just wrapped, forming an X, and wrap around the post again.","Tuck the end under that second wrap, so it comes out under the X.","Pull both ends to snug it. The two ends should leave in opposite directions."],"tr":"Tie a clove hitch around a table leg or a broom handle.","tip":"It can slip if the post rotates or the pull keeps changing direction, so add a half hitch for anything important.","sec":30},{"id":"credit-utilization","t":"Lower your credit utilization","c":"money","cn":"Money","ce":"💵","h":"How much of your credit limit you're using is one of the biggest parts of a credit score.","st":["Utilization = card balances ÷ credit limits. $900 on a $3,000 limit is 30%.","Lower is better. A common rule of thumb is to stay under 30%, and people with top scores tend to be well under 10%.","Card companies usually report the balance from your statement, so paying before the statement closes lowers the number they report.","Unlike late payments, it has no memory: once balances drop, the score effect follows."],"tr":"Look up one card's statement closing date in its app.","tip":"","sec":45},{"id":"ctrl-r-history-search","t":"Search your shell history with Ctrl+R","c":"terminal","cn":"Terminal & git","ce":"💻","h":"Stop pressing the up arrow 40 times. Type any part of an old command and it appears.","st":["Press <code>Ctrl+R</code>.","Type any part of the command you're looking for.","Press <code>Ctrl+R</code> again to step back to older matches.","Press <code>Enter</code> to run it, or an arrow key to edit it first. <code>Ctrl+G</code> cancels."],"tr":"Open a terminal, press Ctrl+R and type \"git\" to find your last git command.","tip":"Works in bash and zsh by default.","sec":30},{"id":"delete-whole-word","t":"Delete a whole word at once","c":"shortcuts","cn":"Shortcuts","ce":"⌨️","h":"Stop holding Backspace. Delete word by word instead of letter by letter.","st":["On Windows and Linux, press <code>Ctrl+Backspace</code> to delete the word before the cursor.","On a Mac, press <code>Option+Delete</code>.","Add the arrow keys the same way to jump the cursor one word at a time: <code>Ctrl+←</code> / <code>Option+←</code>."],"tr":"Type a sentence anywhere and delete it one word at a time.","tip":"","sec":10},{"id":"dice-an-onion","t":"Dice an onion without it falling apart","c":"kitchen","cn":"Kitchen","ce":"🍳","h":"Leave the root on. It holds every slice together until the last cut.","st":["Cut the onion in half from top to root, through the root.","Trim the top, peel off the skin, and lay each half flat-side down.","Make vertical cuts from the root end toward the top, stopping just short of the root.","Slice across those cuts. The pieces fall away as dice; throw out the root end."],"tr":"Next time you cook, dice half an onion this way and compare it with how you usually do it.","tip":"Keep the claw grip on the half you're cutting.","sec":60},{"id":"figure-eight-stopper","t":"Tie a figure-eight stopper","c":"knots","cn":"Knots","ce":"🪢","h":"A chunky knot at the end of a rope that stops it slipping through a hole, a pulley or your hand.","st":["Make a loop near the end by crossing the end over the standing part.","Take the end around behind the standing part.","Pass the end down through the loop from the front.","Pull tight. It should look like the number 8."],"tr":"Tie one at the end of a drawstring or shoelace.","tip":"It's bulkier than an overhand knot and much easier to untie after it's been loaded.","sec":20},{"id":"find-a-stud","t":"Find a wall stud without a stud finder","c":"home","cn":"Home & car","ce":"🔧","h":"Hang heavy things on wood, not just drywall. Studs follow a predictable pattern.","st":["Find an outlet or light switch. Electrical boxes are usually fastened to the side of a stud.","In most US homes, studs are 16 inches apart, center to center. Measure along from there.","Knock along the wall: hollow sounds are between studs, a duller, solid sound is a stud.","Confirm with a strong magnet slid across the wall. It sticks to the drywall screws, which line up along a stud."],"tr":"Knock along a wall at home and listen for where the sound changes.","tip":"Drill a small test hole somewhere a picture will cover before driving a big screw.","sec":45},{"id":"git-amend","t":"Fix your last commit with --amend","c":"terminal","cn":"Terminal & git","ce":"💻","h":"Forgot a file or made a typo in the message? Fold the fix into the commit you just made.","st":["Stage the forgotten change: <code>git add &lt;file&gt;</code>.","Run <code>git commit --amend --no-edit</code> to add it to the last commit and keep the message.","Or run <code>git commit --amend -m \"Better message\"</code> to rewrite the message too."],"tr":"In a scratch repo, commit one file, then add a second one to that same commit with --amend.","tip":"Amending rewrites the commit. Only do it before you push, or you'll need a force push.","sec":30},{"id":"git-log-graph","t":"See your branches as a graph","c":"terminal","cn":"Terminal & git","ce":"💻","h":"One log command turns a wall of commit text into a readable branch map.","st":["Run <code>git log --oneline --graph --all</code>.","Each commit is one line; the lines on the left show where branches split and merge.","Add <code>--decorate</code> on older git versions to show branch and tag names."],"tr":"Run it in any repo you have and find where your current branch split off.","tip":"Save it as an alias: <code>git config --global alias.tree \"log --oneline --graph --all\"</code>, then run <code>git tree</code>.","sec":20},{"id":"git-stash","t":"Park unfinished work with git stash","c":"terminal","cn":"Terminal & git","ce":"💻","h":"Need to switch branches but you're mid-change? Stash it, switch, and bring it back later.","st":["Run <code>git stash</code> to save your uncommitted changes and clean the working tree.","Switch branches and do the urgent thing.","Come back and run <code>git stash pop</code> to restore your changes.","<code>git stash list</code> shows everything you've parked."],"tr":"Edit a file in any repo, run <code>git stash</code>, check <code>git status</code>, then <code>git stash pop</code>.","tip":"New files aren't stashed unless you add <code>-u</code>.","sec":30},{"id":"guitar-e-minor","t":"Play E minor on guitar","c":"music","cn":"Music","ce":"🎸","h":"The easiest full chord there is: two fingers, all six strings.","st":["Put your middle finger on the <strong>2nd fret</strong> of the A string (second thickest).","Put your ring finger on the <strong>2nd fret</strong> of the D string, right next to it.","Strum all six strings.","Lift and replace both fingers together a few times to build the shape into your hand."],"tr":"No guitar? Practice the finger shape on your forearm: two fingers side by side, pressing with the tips.","tip":"","sec":30},{"id":"guitar-g-major","t":"Play G major on guitar","c":"music","cn":"Music","ce":"🎸","h":"Add this to E minor and you can already play hundreds of songs.","st":["Middle finger on the <strong>3rd fret</strong> of the low E string (thickest).","Index finger on the <strong>2nd fret</strong> of the A string.","Ring finger on the <strong>3rd fret</strong> of the high E string (thinnest).","Strum all six strings."],"tr":"Switch between E minor and G four times slowly. Your middle finger only moves one string.","tip":"","sec":45},{"id":"multiply-by-11","t":"Multiply any two-digit number by 11","c":"mental-math","cn":"Mental math","ce":"🧮","h":"Split the digits apart and put their sum in the middle.","st":["Take a two-digit number, like <strong>36</strong>.","Pull the digits apart: 3 _ 6.","Add them, 3 + 6 = 9, and put the sum in the gap: <strong>396</strong>.","If the sum is 10 or more, carry the 1: 78 × 11 → 7, 15, 8 → <strong>858</strong>."],"tr":"Do 54 × 11 and 87 × 11 in your head. (594 and 957.)","tip":"","sec":30},{"id":"paste-plain-text","t":"Paste without the formatting","c":"shortcuts","cn":"Shortcuts","ce":"⌨️","h":"Copy from a web page, paste into an email, and get none of the weird fonts.","st":["On Windows, Linux and ChromeOS, press <code>Ctrl+Shift+V</code> instead of <code>Ctrl+V</code>.","On a Mac, press <code>Option+Shift+Cmd+V</code> (\"Paste and Match Style\").","The text arrives in the style of wherever you're pasting."],"tr":"Copy a bold heading from any web page and paste it plainly into a document or email.","tip":"It works in browsers, Google Docs and most chat apps. Microsoft Word uses its own Paste Options menu instead.","sec":10},{"id":"peel-garlic-fast","t":"Peel garlic in two seconds","c":"kitchen","cn":"Kitchen","ce":"🍳","h":"Crush, don't pick. The papery skin pops right off.","st":["Put the clove on the cutting board.","Lay the flat side of a wide knife on top of it, blade facing away from you.","Press down firmly with the heel of your hand until you feel the clove crack.","Pull off the loosened skin and trim the hard root end."],"tr":"Peel one clove this way. Press gently if you want it whole, harder if it's going to be minced anyway.","tip":"","sec":20},{"id":"penny-tread-test","t":"Check tire tread with a penny","c":"home","cn":"Home & car","ce":"🔧","h":"A coin in the groove tells you if your tires are too worn to stop well in the rain.","st":["Put a US penny into a tread groove with Lincoln's head upside down, facing you.","If you can see all of Lincoln's head, the tread is at 2/32 inch or less. Time for new tires.","Check a few spots across each tire, since tires often wear unevenly."],"tr":"Next time you walk past your car, test the front tires.","tip":"Most tires also have small raised wear bars in the grooves. When the tread is flush with them, it's worn out.","sec":30},{"id":"percent-swap","t":"Swap a percentage to make it easy","c":"mental-math","cn":"Mental math","ce":"🧮","h":"8% of 25 is hard. 25% of 8 is easy, and it's the same number.","st":["x% of y always equals y% of x, because both are x × y ÷ 100.","When one way is awkward, flip it: 8% of 25 = 25% of 8.","25% is a quarter, so the answer is <strong>2</strong>."],"tr":"Work out 4% of 75 and 16% of 50 by flipping them. (3 and 8.)","tip":"","sec":20},{"id":"piano-c-major","t":"Play a C major chord on piano","c":"music","cn":"Music","ce":"🎸","h":"Find C once and you can find it anywhere on any keyboard.","st":["Find a group of <strong>two</strong> black keys. The white key just to their left is <strong>C</strong>.","Right hand: thumb on C.","Middle finger on E (two white keys up) and little finger on G (two more white keys up).","Press all three together."],"tr":"Find every C on a keyboard app, then play the chord in two different places.","tip":"Slide the same skip-a-key shape up one white key at a time to get the other basic chords in C.","sec":30},{"id":"reef-knot","t":"Tie a reef (square) knot","c":"knots","cn":"Knots","ce":"🪢","h":"The flat, tidy knot for bandages, bundles and bag tops. Two crossings, and the order is the whole trick.","st":["Take an end in each hand.","Cross <strong>right over left</strong> and tuck it under, like the first step of tying a shoe.","Now cross <strong>left over right</strong> and tuck it under.","Pull both ends. The two loops should lie flat and interlock, with each end beside its own standing part."],"tr":"Tie your shoelaces' two ends together with a reef knot and check that it lies flat.","tip":"If it twists sideways instead of lying flat, you tied a granny knot. Redo the second cross the other way. Don't use a reef knot to join two ropes that will carry a load, because it can shake loose.","sec":30},{"id":"region-screenshot","t":"Screenshot just part of the screen","c":"shortcuts","cn":"Shortcuts","ce":"⌨️","h":"Skip the full-screen capture and the cropping. Drag a box around exactly what you want.","st":["On Windows, press <code>Win+Shift+S</code>, then drag a box. The image goes to your clipboard.","On a Mac, press <code>Cmd+Shift+4</code>, then drag. The image is saved to your desktop.","On a Mac, add <code>Ctrl</code> (<code>Ctrl+Cmd+Shift+4</code>) to copy it to the clipboard instead."],"tr":"Screenshot just this card and paste it into a chat with yourself.","tip":"","sec":15},{"id":"reopen-closed-tab","t":"Reopen a tab you just closed","c":"shortcuts","cn":"Shortcuts","ce":"⌨️","h":"Closed the wrong tab? One shortcut brings it back, with its history.","st":["Press <code>Ctrl+Shift+T</code> on Windows, Linux or ChromeOS.","Press <code>Cmd+Shift+T</code> on a Mac.","Press it again to keep reopening tabs in the order you closed them."],"tr":"Close this tab, then press the shortcut to bring it back.","tip":"Works in Chrome, Firefox and Edge, and in Safari on recent macOS. If you closed a whole window, it reopens the window.","sec":10},{"id":"reset-gfci","t":"Bring a dead outlet back with the GFCI reset","c":"home","cn":"Home & car","ce":"🔧","h":"Bathroom or kitchen outlet stopped working? A safety outlet nearby probably tripped.","st":["Look for an outlet with <strong>TEST</strong> and <strong>RESET</strong> buttons. It may be in another room on the same circuit: bathroom, kitchen, garage or outside.","Press <strong>RESET</strong> firmly until it clicks.","If it won't reset or trips again right away, unplug everything on that circuit and try again. If it still trips, call an electrician.","Once a month, press <strong>TEST</strong> (power should cut), then <strong>RESET</strong>."],"tr":"Find the GFCI outlets in your home so you know where to look next time.","tip":"","sec":30},{"id":"rule-of-72","t":"Estimate doubling time with the rule of 72","c":"money","cn":"Money","ce":"💵","h":"How long until money doubles? Divide 72 by the yearly percentage.","st":["Take the yearly growth rate as a whole number, like 6 for 6%.","Divide 72 by it: 72 ÷ 6 = <strong>12 years</strong> to double.","It works for debt too: at 24% interest, a balance you never pay down doubles in about 3 years."],"tr":"How long does money take to double at 8%? At 4%? (9 years and 18 years.)","tip":"It's an approximation that's closest for rates between about 6% and 10%.","sec":20},{"id":"square-ending-in-5","t":"Square numbers ending in 5","c":"mental-math","cn":"Mental math","ce":"🧮","h":"65² in two seconds: multiply the front by the next number up, then write 25.","st":["Take a number ending in 5, like <strong>65</strong>.","Take the digits in front of the 5 (6) and multiply by the next number up: 6 × 7 = 42.","Write 25 after it: <strong>4225</strong>."],"tr":"Square 35, 85 and 105. (1225, 7225, 11025.)","tip":"","sec":20},{"id":"sudo-bang-bang","t":"Rerun the last command with sudo !!","c":"terminal","cn":"Terminal & git","ce":"💻","h":"Got \"permission denied\"? Don't retype it. <code>!!</code> means \"the previous command.\"","st":["Run a command that fails because it needs root.","Type <code>sudo !!</code> and press Enter.","The shell expands <code>!!</code> to the previous command and runs it with sudo."],"tr":"Run <code>echo hello</code>, then <code>echo !!</code> to see the expansion without needing sudo.","tip":"<code>!$</code> is the last word of the previous command, handy for <code>mkdir newdir</code> then <code>cd !$</code>.","sec":15},{"id":"taut-line-hitch","t":"Tie a taut-line hitch","c":"knots","cn":"Knots","ce":"🪢","h":"An adjustable loop that holds tension. Slide it to tighten a tent line or a load tie-down.","st":["Pass the rope around the stake or anchor and bring the end back alongside the line.","Wrap the end around the line <strong>twice</strong>, working back toward the anchor, inside the loop.","Bring the end out and make <strong>one more wrap</strong> around the line, outside the first two, wrapping the same direction.","Snug the wraps. Slide the knot along the line to tighten or loosen the loop; it holds where you leave it."],"tr":"Loop a cord around a doorknob, tie a taut-line hitch and slide it to tighten the loop.","tip":"","sec":60},{"id":"tip-in-your-head","t":"Work out a tip in your head","c":"mental-math","cn":"Mental math","ce":"🧮","h":"Move the decimal point once, then double it or add half.","st":["Find 10% by moving the decimal one place left: $47.60 → <strong>$4.76</strong>. Round to $4.80.","For 20%, double it: <strong>$9.60</strong>.","For 15%, add half of the 10%: $4.80 + $2.40 = <strong>$7.20</strong>."],"tr":"What's 15% and 20% of $63? ($9.45 and $12.60.)","tip":"","sec":30},{"id":"twenty-twenty-twenty","t":"Rest your eyes with 20-20-20","c":"body","cn":"Body & mind","ce":"🧘","h":"Screen-tired eyes? Every 20 minutes, look 20 feet away for 20 seconds.","st":["Every <strong>20 minutes</strong> of screen time, look up.","Focus on something about <strong>20 feet</strong> (6 m) away, like out a window or across the room.","Hold it for <strong>20 seconds</strong>, and blink a few times."],"tr":"Do it now: find something across the room and look at it for 20 seconds.","tip":"We blink less while staring at screens, which is why eyes feel dry. The break helps you blink again.","sec":20},{"id":"unit-price","t":"Compare prices by unit price","c":"money","cn":"Money","ce":"💵","h":"The bigger package isn't always cheaper. The small print on the shelf tag tells you.","st":["Find the <strong>unit price</strong> on the shelf tag: the price per ounce, per count or per 100 g.","Compare that number, not the package price.","No tag? Divide the price by the amount: $4.80 ÷ 16 oz = 30¢ an ounce.","Check that both tags use the same unit. Stores sometimes show one per ounce and another per pound."],"tr":"On your next shop, check one item where the \"family size\" costs more per unit.","tip":"","sec":30}]